current theta: 0.63814376472 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 2402 rows and 2402 columns Presolve time: 0.12s Presolved: 4909 rows, 4993 columns, 14639 nonzeros Variable types: 0 continuous, 4993 integer (4993 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 659 iterations, 0.02 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1267 simplex iterations) in 0.15 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [13, 25, 35, 50, 58, 74, 78, 79, 82] edges [(81, 82), (14, 82), (40, 78), (35, 82), (53, 79), (4, 74), (78, 82), (20, 79), (57, 82), (59, 74), (56, 78), (28, 82), (38, 25), (0, 78), (23, 78), (73, 58), (64, 78), (67, 79), (62, 35), (47, 79), (49, 35), (80, 82), (18, 58), (52, 35), (33, 82), (2, 58), (55, 35), (42, 79), (22, 79), (83, 79), (10, 82), (27, 79), (3, 79), (36, 13), (19, 74), (45, 79), (17, 79), (76, 78), (5, 13), (79, 79), (11, 82), (48, 50), (84, 82), (6, 35), (65, 82), (69, 79), (66, 79), (61, 78), (74, 58), (9, 79), (54, 79), (58, 58), (34, 35), (30, 79), (26, 13), (31, 50), (44, 78), (39, 79), (37, 35), (13, 58), (15, 79), (24, 82), (46, 78), (63, 35), (12, 50), (32, 82), (43, 13), (29, 82), (75, 78), (60, 79), (8, 82), (68, 50), (25, 35), (41, 79), (50, 58), (21, 79), (70, 82), (71, 79), (82, 82), (72, 79), (7, 82), (16, 79), (77, 35), (51, 82), (1, 79)] current theta: 0.31907188236 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 5462 rows and 5462 columns Presolve time: 0.03s Presolved: 1849 rows, 1933 columns, 5459 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1933 integer (1933 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 637 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1109 simplex iterations) in 0.05 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [27, 38, 49, 51, 53, 57, 59, 82, 84] edges [(23, 51), (79, 49), (73, 27), (66, 53), (51, 38), (68, 57), (26, 38), (16, 53), (49, 84), (40, 49), (27, 27), (37, 49), (12, 38), (4, 53), (38, 38), (76, 51), (36, 59), (1, 51), (21, 84), (35, 38), (14, 49), (83, 59), (44, 84), (25, 82), (48, 59), (8, 51), (65, 38), (69, 59), (77, 53), (57, 57), (80, 82), (32, 59), (53, 59), (33, 82), (84, 49), (30, 53), (17, 53), (41, 49), (34, 38), (2, 57), (61, 49), (82, 38), (67, 53), (52, 84), (54, 84), (70, 49), (19, 51), (75, 38), (5, 51), (18, 53), (11, 84), (29, 59), (71, 59), (64, 53), (55, 59), (81, 51), (78, 51), (13, 57), (74, 57), (56, 49), (42, 53), (58, 57), (39, 53), (20, 53), (45, 53), (22, 53), (24, 38), (31, 57), (72, 53), (9, 84), (10, 51), (3, 49), (59, 53), (7, 38), (62, 53), (63, 53), (15, 84), (6, 82), (50, 57), (46, 53), (43, 59), (47, 53), (0, 84), (28, 38), (60, 59)] current theta: 0.15953594118 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6712 rows and 6712 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 599 rows, 683 columns, 1711 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 683 integer (683 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 691 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time 0 0 cutoff 0 - 0.10000 - - 0s Explored 0 nodes (691 simplex iterations) in 0.02 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Model objective exceeds cutoff Best objective -, best bound 1.000000000000e+00, gap - current theta: 0.23930391177 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6104 rows and 6104 columns Presolve time: 0.02s Presolved: 1207 rows, 1291 columns, 3533 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1291 integer (1291 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 882 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (882 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [13, 27, 32, 33, 38, 47, 59, 79, 84] edges [(13, 13), (74, 13), (23, 84), (73, 27), (51, 38), (40, 79), (77, 59), (70, 84), (26, 38), (43, 27), (66, 47), (22, 27), (2, 32), (19, 38), (35, 84), (31, 32), (27, 27), (80, 38), (38, 38), (65, 32), (36, 59), (14, 84), (50, 13), (12, 32), (21, 84), (33, 33), (64, 79), (83, 59), (44, 84), (48, 59), (69, 59), (78, 84), (52, 79), (49, 79), (10, 84), (68, 32), (84, 84), (18, 59), (37, 79), (56, 84), (55, 79), (81, 38), (29, 32), (67, 47), (63, 59), (45, 79), (57, 32), (79, 79), (54, 84), (42, 47), (61, 84), (3, 84), (59, 59), (75, 38), (20, 47), (11, 84), (71, 59), (9, 79), (53, 47), (17, 47), (30, 79), (6, 33), (39, 79), (76, 32), (4, 59), (34, 33), (62, 47), (82, 33), (47, 47), (46, 79), (24, 38), (8, 33), (60, 27), (41, 79), (5, 59), (58, 13), (25, 33), (72, 79), (15, 84), (32, 32), (16, 79), (1, 84), (0, 84), (28, 38), (7, 32)] current theta: 0.199419926475 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6410 rows and 6410 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 901 rows, 985 columns, 2615 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 985 integer (985 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 987 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time 0 0 cutoff 0 - 0.10000 - - 0s Explored 0 nodes (987 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Model objective exceeds cutoff Best objective -, best bound 1.000000000000e+00, gap - current theta: 0.219361919122 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6264 rows and 6264 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 1047 rows, 1131 columns, 3053 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1131 integer (1131 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 852 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (852 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [19, 32, 35, 42, 44, 46, 60, 74, 80] edges [(45, 46), (29, 19), (76, 19), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (14, 44), (27, 60), (2, 32), (30, 46), (31, 32), (39, 46), (15, 44), (40, 46), (65, 32), (81, 35), (66, 42), (12, 32), (80, 80), (0, 44), (69, 60), (49, 44), (75, 80), (16, 42), (67, 42), (74, 74), (68, 32), (48, 60), (26, 80), (25, 80), (6, 80), (19, 19), (13, 74), (34, 80), (33, 80), (71, 60), (52, 46), (23, 35), (73, 60), (22, 60), (10, 35), (57, 32), (41, 44), (9, 46), (61, 44), (17, 42), (62, 42), (56, 44), (4, 19), (46, 46), (43, 42), (72, 42), (58, 74), (42, 42), (20, 42), (1, 35), (59, 19), (24, 35), (77, 42), (79, 46), (5, 19), (38, 80), (60, 60), (44, 44), (8, 80), (83, 42), (64, 46), (18, 19), (53, 42), (21, 44), (84, 35), (51, 80), (63, 46), (11, 35), (54, 35), (37, 44), (70, 44), (47, 42), (32, 32), (3, 44), (55, 46), (50, 74), (36, 60), (82, 80), (7, 32)] current theta: 0.209390922799 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6330 rows and 6330 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 981 rows, 1065 columns, 2855 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1065 integer (1065 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 862 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (862 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [4, 14, 35, 42, 60, 65, 74, 79, 80] edges [(30, 42), (70, 14), (65, 65), (49, 14), (40, 79), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (27, 60), (36, 4), (32, 65), (3, 14), (14, 14), (59, 4), (29, 65), (81, 35), (66, 42), (80, 80), (5, 4), (18, 4), (64, 79), (16, 42), (52, 79), (67, 42), (74, 74), (48, 60), (26, 80), (37, 79), (25, 80), (6, 80), (55, 79), (63, 4), (83, 60), (13, 74), (7, 65), (34, 80), (15, 14), (33, 80), (71, 60), (23, 35), (73, 60), (45, 79), (56, 14), (22, 60), (10, 35), (0, 35), (79, 79), (17, 42), (62, 42), (61, 79), (41, 14), (43, 42), (21, 14), (72, 42), (58, 74), (9, 79), (2, 74), (42, 42), (20, 42), (39, 79), (1, 35), (24, 35), (77, 42), (69, 4), (38, 80), (60, 60), (8, 80), (46, 79), (53, 42), (84, 14), (12, 65), (68, 65), (75, 65), (57, 74), (76, 65), (4, 4), (51, 80), (11, 35), (54, 35), (19, 4), (47, 42), (44, 14), (31, 65), (50, 74), (82, 80)] current theta: 0.204405424637 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6366 rows and 6366 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 945 rows, 1029 columns, 2747 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1029 integer (1029 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 1113 iterations, 0.02 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time 0 0 cutoff 0 - 0.10000 - - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1113 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Model objective exceeds cutoff Best objective -, best bound 1.000000000000e+00, gap - current theta: 0.206898173718 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6346 rows and 6346 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 965 rows, 1049 columns, 2807 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1049 integer (1049 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 980 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (980 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [4, 14, 27, 35, 46, 47, 65, 74, 80] edges [(70, 14), (45, 46), (65, 65), (73, 27), (49, 14), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (43, 4), (36, 4), (66, 47), (32, 65), (22, 27), (83, 27), (48, 27), (30, 46), (39, 46), (27, 27), (64, 4), (3, 14), (14, 14), (40, 46), (59, 4), (29, 65), (81, 35), (80, 80), (5, 4), (18, 4), (61, 14), (74, 74), (55, 4), (26, 80), (25, 80), (6, 80), (13, 74), (7, 65), (34, 80), (15, 14), (33, 80), (67, 47), (52, 46), (23, 35), (16, 46), (69, 27), (56, 14), (10, 35), (9, 46), (0, 35), (42, 47), (20, 47), (77, 46), (46, 46), (41, 14), (21, 14), (58, 74), (53, 47), (2, 74), (17, 47), (1, 35), (24, 35), (79, 46), (62, 47), (38, 80), (72, 46), (8, 80), (47, 47), (71, 27), (12, 65), (60, 27), (68, 65), (75, 65), (57, 74), (37, 46), (84, 35), (76, 65), (4, 4), (51, 80), (63, 46), (11, 35), (54, 35), (19, 4), (44, 14), (31, 65), (50, 74), (82, 80)] current theta: 0.205651799177 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6358 rows and 6358 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 953 rows, 1037 columns, 2771 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1037 integer (1037 binary) Root relaxation: objective 0.000000e+00, 1001 iterations, 0.01 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time * 0 0 0 0.0000000 0.00000 0.0% - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1001 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [4, 7, 14, 22, 35, 40, 42, 74, 80] edges [(30, 42), (70, 14), (83, 22), (7, 7), (32, 7), (12, 7), (37, 40), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (53, 22), (36, 4), (9, 4), (49, 40), (64, 4), (3, 14), (14, 14), (31, 7), (59, 4), (39, 40), (81, 35), (66, 42), (45, 40), (80, 80), (5, 4), (18, 4), (75, 80), (61, 14), (16, 42), (29, 7), (67, 42), (74, 74), (55, 4), (26, 80), (57, 7), (25, 80), (6, 80), (63, 4), (13, 74), (34, 80), (15, 14), (65, 7), (33, 80), (23, 35), (68, 7), (56, 14), (10, 35), (46, 40), (76, 7), (52, 40), (0, 35), (17, 42), (22, 22), (62, 42), (48, 22), (41, 14), (21, 14), (72, 42), (43, 22), (58, 74), (27, 22), (2, 74), (42, 42), (20, 22), (1, 35), (24, 35), (77, 42), (69, 4), (38, 80), (8, 80), (79, 40), (84, 35), (4, 4), (51, 80), (11, 35), (54, 35), (19, 4), (47, 42), (60, 22), (73, 22), (71, 22), (44, 14), (50, 74), (40, 40), (82, 80)] current theta: 0.205028611907 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6362 rows and 6362 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 949 rows, 1033 columns, 2759 nonzeros Loaded MIP start with objective 0 Variable types: 0 continuous, 1033 integer (1033 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 0 iterations, 0.00 seconds Explored 0 nodes (0 simplex iterations) in 0.01 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [4, 7, 14, 22, 35, 40, 42, 74, 80] edges [(30, 42), (70, 14), (83, 22), (7, 7), (32, 7), (12, 7), (37, 40), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (53, 22), (36, 4), (9, 4), (49, 40), (64, 4), (3, 14), (14, 14), (31, 7), (59, 4), (39, 40), (81, 35), (66, 42), (45, 40), (80, 80), (5, 4), (18, 4), (75, 80), (61, 14), (16, 42), (29, 7), (67, 42), (74, 74), (55, 4), (26, 80), (57, 7), (25, 80), (6, 80), (63, 4), (13, 74), (34, 80), (15, 14), (65, 7), (33, 80), (23, 35), (68, 7), (56, 14), (10, 35), (46, 40), (76, 7), (52, 40), (0, 35), (17, 42), (22, 22), (62, 42), (48, 22), (41, 14), (21, 14), (72, 42), (43, 22), (58, 74), (27, 22), (2, 74), (42, 42), (20, 22), (1, 35), (24, 35), (77, 42), (69, 4), (38, 80), (8, 80), (79, 40), (84, 35), (4, 4), (51, 80), (11, 35), (54, 35), (19, 4), (47, 42), (60, 22), (73, 22), (71, 22), (44, 14), (50, 74), (40, 40), (82, 80)] current theta: 0.204717018272 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6364 rows and 6364 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 947 rows, 1031 columns, 2753 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1031 integer (1031 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 1066 iterations, 0.02 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time 0 0 cutoff 0 - 0.10000 - - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1066 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Model objective exceeds cutoff Best objective -, best bound 1.000000000000e+00, gap - current theta: 0.20487281509 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6362 rows and 6362 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 949 rows, 1033 columns, 2759 nonzeros Loaded MIP start with objective 0 Variable types: 0 continuous, 1033 integer (1033 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 0 iterations, 0.00 seconds Explored 0 nodes (0 simplex iterations) in 0.01 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Optimal solution found (tolerance 1.00e-04) Best objective 0.000000000000e+00, best bound 0.000000000000e+00, gap 0.0% infeasibility= 0.0 updated solution: facilities [4, 7, 14, 22, 35, 40, 42, 74, 80] edges [(30, 42), (70, 14), (83, 22), (7, 7), (32, 7), (12, 7), (37, 40), (35, 35), (28, 80), (78, 35), (53, 22), (36, 4), (9, 4), (49, 40), (64, 4), (3, 14), (14, 14), (31, 7), (59, 4), (39, 40), (81, 35), (66, 42), (45, 40), (80, 80), (5, 4), (18, 4), (75, 80), (61, 14), (16, 42), (29, 7), (67, 42), (74, 74), (55, 4), (26, 80), (57, 7), (25, 80), (6, 80), (63, 4), (13, 74), (34, 80), (15, 14), (65, 7), (33, 80), (23, 35), (68, 7), (56, 14), (10, 35), (46, 40), (76, 7), (52, 40), (0, 35), (17, 42), (22, 22), (62, 42), (48, 22), (41, 14), (21, 14), (72, 42), (43, 22), (58, 74), (27, 22), (2, 74), (42, 42), (20, 22), (1, 35), (24, 35), (77, 42), (69, 4), (38, 80), (8, 80), (79, 40), (84, 35), (4, 4), (51, 80), (11, 35), (54, 35), (19, 4), (47, 42), (60, 22), (73, 22), (71, 22), (44, 14), (50, 74), (40, 40), (82, 80)] current theta: 0.204794916681 Gurobi 5.0.1 (linux64) logging started Thu Nov 22 01:21:13 2012 Optimize a model with 7311 rows, 7395 columns and 21845 nonzeros Presolve removed 6364 rows and 6364 columns Presolve time: 0.01s Presolved: 947 rows, 1031 columns, 2753 nonzeros MIP start did not produce a feasible solution Variable types: 0 continuous, 1031 integer (1031 binary) Root relaxation: cutoff, 1066 iterations, 0.02 seconds Nodes | Current Node | Objective Bounds | Work Expl Unexpl | Obj Depth IntInf | Incumbent BestBd Gap | It/Node Time 0 0 cutoff 0 - 0.10000 - - 0s Explored 0 nodes (1066 simplex iterations) in 0.03 seconds Thread count was 1 (of 16 available processors) Model objective exceeds cutoff Best objective -, best bound 1.000000000000e+00, gap -