In what concerns the continuous evaluation solving exercises grade during the semester, you should submit until 23:59 of November 2nd
(this exercise will still be available for submission after that deadline, but without counting towards your grade)
[to understand the context of this problem, you should read the class #04 exercise sheet]

In this problem you should submit a function as described. Inside the function do not print anything that was not asked!

[IP034] Collatz Sequence

The Collatz sequence, also known as the \( 3n + 1 \) sequence, is a mathematical sequence defined for positive integers. The sequence starts with any positive integer n and follows these rules:

• If n is even, the next term is \( \frac{n}{2} \)
• If n is odd, the next term is \( 3n + 1 \)
• The sequence ends when it reaches 1

The Problem

Write a function collatz(n) that takes a positive integer n and generates the Collatz sequence starting from n. The function should return a string representation of the entire sequence following the format depicted on the example output.

Constraints

The following limits are guaranteed in all the test cases that will be given to your program:

print(collatz(1))
print(collatz(3))
print(collatz(12))

1
3, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1
12, 6, 3, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1